Knight KS, Kurylo JS, Endress AG et al (2007) Ecology and ecosystem impacts of common buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica): a review. Hartman KM, McCarthy BC (2004) Restoration of a forest understory after the removal of an invasive shrub, Amur honeysuckle (Lonicera maackii). Guo H, Zhao H, Wang S et al (2015) Determining the recruitment limitation of three native woody species in the Chinese pine (Pinus tabuliformis Carr.) plantations on the Loess Plateau, China. Grotkopp E, Erskine-Ogden J, Rejmanek M (2010) Assessing potential invasiveness of woody horticultural plant species using seedling growth rate traits. Grotkopp E, Rejmanek M (2007) High seedling relative growth rate and specific leaf area are traits of invasive species: phylogenetically independent contrasts of woody angiospernis. Galbraith-Kent SL, Handel SN (2008) Invasive Acer platanoides inhibits native sapling growth in forest understorey communities. įridley JD (2012) Extended leaf phenology and the autumn niche in deciduous forest invasions. įorrester JA, Lorimer CG, Dyer JH et al (2014) Response of tree regeneration to experimental gap creation and deer herbivory in north temperate forests. įang W, Wang X (2011) Impact of invasion of Acer platanoides on canopy structure and understory seedling growth in a hardwood forest in North America. Annual Reviews, Palo Alto, pp 59–80Įllsworth DS, Reich PB (1992) Leaf mass per area, nitrogen content and photosynthetic carbon gain in Acer saccharum seedlings in contrasting forest light environments. In: Futuyma D, Shafer H, Simberloff D (eds) Annual review of ecology, evolution, and systematics, vol 41. Įhrenfeld JG (2010) Ecosystem consequences of biological invasions. Timber Press, Incorporatedĭrenovsky RE, Grewell BJ, D’Antonio CM et al (2012) A functional trait perspective on plant invasion. ĭirr M (1997) Dirr’s hardy trees and shrubs: an illustrated encyclopedia. ĭiez JM, Williams PA, Randall RP et al (2009) Learning from failures: testing broad taxonomic hypotheses about plant naturalization. Ĭrooks JA (2005) Lag times and exotic species: the ecology and management of biological invasions in slow-motion. Allelopath J 16:227–238Ĭlinton BD, Boring LR, Swank WT (1994) Regeneration patterns in canopy gaps of mixed-oak forests of the southern appalachians: influences of topographic position and evergreen understory. Ĭawly J, Newton S, Bolyard M (2005) Allelopathic activity of a testa-derived solution from Siberian maple (Acer ginnala Maxim.) seeds. USDA Forest Service, WashingtonĬanham CD, Denslow JS, Platt WJ et al (1990) Light regimes beneath closed canopies and tree-fall gaps in temperate and tropical forests. ![]() īonner FT, Karrfalt RP (2008) The woody plant seed manual. Macmillan Co., New Yorkīauer J (2012) Invasive species: “back-seat drivers” of ecosystem change? Biol Invasions 14:1295–1304. īailey LH (1924) Manual of cultivated plants. Pol J Ecol 58:103–113Īnderson RC, Loucks OL, Swain AM (1969) Herbaceous response to canopy cover, light intensity, and throughfall precipitation in coniferous forests. Accessed Īn H, Shangguan Z (2010) Leaf stoichiometric trait and specific leaf area of dominant species in the secondary succession of the loess plateau. Minnesota Department of Natural Resources. Accessed 19 Sept 2016Īmur maple - Invasive species. Accessed 15 Sept 2016Īmur maple (Not recommended)|The Morton Arboretum. Here are 10 great maple trees to consider for brilliant fall color.Amur maple (Acer ginnala) - EDDMapS Southeast Distribution. Never fear: A single year of muted hues doesn't mean the spectacular display won't return. In years with unusual sun or temperature patterns, the color palette may be altered. Optimal fall foliage is dependent upon sunny days and crisp nights at the beginning of autumn. The intensity of color can be lessened due to extreme summer heat and drought. ![]() ![]() Even relatively consistent cultivars are at the mercy of the weather. Remember, though, that fall foliage color for any tree is based on many factors, including fall precipitation and temperatures. In certain parts of the country, the brilliant yellow, orange, and red hues of fall maples in native forests are legendary, and you can bring this fall display into your home landscape by carefully selecting species and cultivars suited to your needs. Yet, no trees in eastern North America are as closely associated with fall foliage as maple trees. Landscaping enthusiasts have many options for achieving colorful yards in autumn. The Spruce Home Improvement Review Board.
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